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屠宰廢水主要的特點:

廢(fei)水(shui)主(zhu)要成(cheng)分有動物血污、油脂、糞(fen)便(bian)、內臟殘屑(xie)和無機鹽(yan)等。

(1)高(gao)COD,一般達到2000mg/L以上;

(2)高SS，主要含(han)有大量(liang)豬(zhu)鬃(zong)等懸浮物;

(3)高氨(an)氮(dan)，動(dong)物(wu)糞(fen)水、動(dong)物(wu)蛋白質含有大量氨(an)氮(dan);

(4)高油(you)脂，屠宰(zai)過程產生大量(liang)動物油(you)脂。

屠宰廢水處理技術

屠(tu)宰(zai)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)分(fen)別要進(jin)行好氧(yang)(yang)(yang)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)和(he)厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)，不同的處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)方式有著(zhu)自己的優缺(que)點。一般在(zai)(zai)(zai)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)較低(di)濃度(CODcr≤1000mg/L)屠(tu)宰(zai)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)直接采用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)，這樣可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)證處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)效(xiao)果的條件(jian)下，縮短處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)流程，節省基(ji)建費用(yong)(yong);在(zai)(zai)(zai)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)較高濃度(CODcr>1000mg/L)的屠(tu)宰(zai)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)時(shi)，幾種工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的組(zu)(zu)合(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)可(ke)(ke)確保(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)達標。如水(shui)解好氧(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程投資僅為同等(deng)規模活(huo)性污(wu)泥法的70%，占地(di)減(jian)少20%，處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)成本降(jiang)低(di)42%。國內已使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的組(zu)(zu)合(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有:酸化(hua)-SBR工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，酸化(hua)-AB法，酸化(hua)-生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)接觸氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，UASB-AF工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)-過(guo)濾工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，射流曝氣-生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)接觸氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)塘-兼氧(yang)(yang)(yang)塘-好氧(yang)(yang)(yang)塘工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，兼氧(yang)(yang)(yang)-AB法，化(hua)學(xue)混凝-生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)等(deng)。處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的優化(hua)組(zu)(zu)合(he)有利于各種工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)揚長避短，保(bao)證出水(shui)水(shui)質(zhi)。

表(biao)1常見屠宰(zai)廢水(shui)處(chu)理技術

屠宰廢水處理實例

本文以國內(nei)肉制品(pin)加工廠(chang)生豬屠宰污水(shui)處(chu)理工程項目(mu)為例作介紹(shao)，處(chu)理規模為2500t/d。設(she)計進出水(shui)水(shui)質執行《城鎮污水(shui)處(chu)理廠(chang)污染物排放標準》GB18918-2002和《肉類(lei)加工工業(ye)水(shui)污染排放標準》GB13457-1992。

表2進出水水質

主要工(gong)藝流程采用“隔油+絮凝氣浮+水解酸化(hua)+MBR+消毒"的工(gong)藝路線，處理效果穩定，控制(zhi)調節靈活。

圖1屠宰(zai)廢水(shui)處理工(gong)藝流程(cheng)圖

MBR膜池分為好氧(yang)(yang)段(duan)和缺氧(yang)(yang)段(duan)，池中(zhong)的微生物能將污(wu)水中(zhong)的大(da)部(bu)分有機物分解為二氧(yang)(yang)化碳和水，并進行(xing)硝化反硝化，脫除污(wu)水中(zhong)的氨(an)氮(dan)。經處理后(hou)的污(wu)水CODcr、BOD5、氨(an)氮(dan)和SS的去除率均達(da)到95%以上(shang)